Constructing a hero during the COVID-19 pandemic

the representation of the coordinator of the vaccination Task Force in public service TV in Portugal

Authors

DOI:

https://doi.org/10.34629/cpublica.778

Keywords:

media character, narrative, hero, TV, COVID-19 vaccination

Abstract

This article analyzes the character in journalism narratives through a case study of television coverage. Based on the theoretical frameworks of Media Narrative Studies (Mesquita, 2003; Lits, 2008; Reis, 2015; 2018; Peixinho, 2021) and considering previous studies on the news coverage of the COVID-19 pandemic (Peixinho et al., 2022; Lopes et al., 2021), the construction of the media character of the coordinator of the task force for vaccination against COVID-19, between February 3 and September 27, 2021, is analyzed. The analysis focused on RTP's prime time news, and allows concluding that: i)  the character is represented as an exceptional being; ii) this exceptionality stems from antagonisms that constitute episodes of the narrative; iii) the themes of the news pieces in which the figure appears are less controversial and less likely to generate controversy; iv) the character's path is equivalent to the archetypal path of a hero; v) the construction of the hero helps building trust in the vaccination process.

Downloads

Download data is not yet available.

Author Biographies

  • Ana Teresa Peixinho, University of Coimbra

    Associate Professor with Habilitation at the Faculty of Arts and Humanities, University of Coimbra (UC) and researcher at CEIS20 (Communication, Journalism, and Public Space Group). She holds a PhD in Communication Sciences from UC. She conducts research in Media Narrative Studies and Press History. She is also a collaborator at the Portuguese Literature Center, where she is part of the Critical Edition of the Works of Eça de Queirós team and the " Figuras da Ficção" project.

  • Clara Santos, University of Coimbra

    Assistant Professor at the Faculty of Arts and Humanities, University of Coimbra (UC) and researcher at CEIS20 (Communication, Journalism, and Public Space Group). She holds a PhD in Communication Sciences. She served as Vice-Rector of the University of Coimbra for Culture, Communication, Heritage, and Alumni Affairs from 2011 to 2018. Trained as a journalist, she worked at Canal de Notícias de Lisboa and SIC, primarily in roles at SIC Online. She has participated in various European projects related to media diversity and gender equality. She was a member of the Commission that developed the White Book on Public Media Service. Her main academic interests are digital media, communication and networks, image and communication, media representations, and storytelling.

References

Baroni, R. (2017). Les rouages de l’intrigue. Les outils de la narratologie postclassique pour l’analyse des textes littéraires. Slatkine Érudition.

Bird, S. E. & Dardenne, R. W. (1993). Mito, registo e ‘estórias’: Explorando as qualidades narrativas das notícias. In N. Traquina (Ed.), Jornalismo: Questões, teorias e ‘estórias’ (pp. 263-277). Vega.

Bolter, D. & Grusin, R. (2000). Remediation. Understanding new media. MIT Press.

Bordini, M. da G. (2006). A personagem na perspectiva dos estudos culturais. Letras de Hoje, 41(3), 135-142.

Cádima, F. R. & Ferreira, I. (Coords.). (2021). Perspetivas multidisciplinares da Comunicação em contexto de Pandemia. Vol. I. Coleção ICNOVA.

Campbell, J. (1949). The hero with a thousand faces (1st ed). Princeton University Press.

Cathcart, R. S. (1994). From hero to celebrity: The media connection. In S. J. Drucker & R. S.

Cathcart (Eds.), American heroes in a media age (pp. 36-46). Hampton Press.

Conboy, M. & Tang, M. (2016). Core Blighty? How journalists define themselves through Metaphor. Journalism Studies, 17(7), 881-892. https://doi.org/10.1080/1461670X.2016.1173521.

Correia, J. C. (2011). O admirável mundo das notícias. Teorias e Métodos. LabCom.

Cunha, I. F. & Peixinho, A. T. (2021). Análise dos media (2.ª ed. revista e aumentada). Imprensa da Universidade de Coimbra.

Deuze, M. & Witschge, T. (2018). Beyond journalism: Theorizing the transformation of journalism. Journalism, 19(2), 165-181.

Elliott, J. (2005). Using narrative in social tresearch. Sage Publications.

Fulton, H., Dunne, A., Huissman, R. & Murphet, J. (Eds.). (2005). Narrative and media. Cambridge University Press.

Gravengaard, G. (2011). The metaphors journalists live by: Journalists’ conceptualisation of newswork. Journalism, 13(8), 1064-1082.

Grusin, R. (2008). Remediation. In D. Herman; M. Jahn & M.-L. Ryan et al. (Eds.). The Routledge encyclopedia of narrative theory (2nd ed.) (pp. 497-498). Routledge.

Hall, S. (2016). O espetáculo do "outro". In W. Oliveira & D. Miranda (Eds.), Cultura e representação (pp. 139-231). PUC – Apicuri.

Halliday, M. A. K. (2004). An introduction to functional grammar (3rd ed.). Holder Arnold.

Høyer, S. & Pöttker, H. (2005). Diffusion of news paradigm 1850-2000. Göteborg University.

Kovach, B. & Rosenstiel, T. (2014). The elements of journalism (3rd ed.). Crown.

Lits, M. (2001). Personne privée, personage public. Médiatisation et éthique. Communication, 20(2), 9-24.

Lits, M. (2008). Les composants essentiels du récti. In Du récit au récit médiatique (pp. 113-184). DeBroeck.

Lits, M. (2009). La construction du personnage dans la presse people. Communication, 27(9), 124-138.

Lopes, F., Araújo, R., Magalhães, O., Santos, C., Burnay, C. D. & Peixinho, A. T. (2021). Covid-19: uma pandemia que reconfigura o jornalismo. Media & Jornalismo – O Jornalismo na História contemporânea, 22(39), 57-75. https://doi.org/10.14195/2183-5462_39_3.

Marion, P. (1993). Traces en case, travail graphique, figuration narrative et participation du lecteur. Académia Bruylant.

Marion, P. (1997). Narratologie médiatique et mediagénie des récits. Recherches en Communication, 7, 61-88.

Marques, I. F. (2021). Narrativas do jornalismo português: a cobertura da morte de grandes figuras [Tese de Doutoramento]. Faculdade de Letras da Universidade de Coimbra. https://estudogeral.uc.pt/handle/10316/95272.

Martins, T. E. (2015). Da construção da personagem política: Contributos para o estudo da personalização da política [Dissertação de Mestrado]. Faculdade de Letras da Universidade de Coimbra.

Mesquita, M. (2003). Personagem jornalística: da narratologia à deontologia. In O quarto equívoco. O poder dos media na Sociedade Contemporânea (pp. 123-141). MinervaCoimbra.

Mesquita, M. (2022, fevereiro). Do prazer da boa história ao sonho do mapa-múndi. Le Monde Diplomatique (edição portuguesa).

Motta, L. G. (2013). Análise crítica da narrativa. Editora UnB.

Motta, L. G. (2013a). Hard news cognitive shift: From facts to narratives. In R. Cabecinhas & L. R. Abadia (Orgs.), Narratives and social memory: theoretical and methodological approaches (pp. 93-105). Universidade do Minho.

Peixinho, A. T. (2014). Procedimentos retórico-narrativos de construção de personagens jornalísticas. Revista de Estudos Literários, 4 – “Personagem e Figuração”, 323-348.

Peixinho, A. T. (2021). As figuras das notícias: pessoas ou personagens. In C. G. Riley, C. Henriques, P. M. Gomes & T. C. e Cunha (Coords.), A liberdade por princípio. Estudos e testemunhos em homenagem a Mário Mesquita (pp. 193-204). Tinta-da-China.

Peixinho, A. T. (2023). Relatório de estudos narrativos mediáticos [Provas de Agregação]. Universidade de Coimbra.

Peixinho, A. T., Lopes, F., Araújo, R., Santos, C. A., Burnay, C. & Magalhães, O. (2022). Vacinação: mais um capítulo na narrativa política da pandemia. Estudos em Comunicação, 34, 27-29. https://doi.org/10.25768/1646-4979n34-03.

Phelan, J. (2006). Narrative Theory, 1966-2006: A Narrative. In R. Scholes, J. Phelan & R. Kellogg (Eds.), The Nature of Narrative (pp. 283-336). Oxford University Press.

Phelan, J. (2008). Narratives in contest; on another twist in the narrative turn. PMLA, 123(1), 166-175.

Reis, C. (2015). Pessoas de livro: estudos sobre personagem. Imprensa da Universidade de Coimbra.

Reis, C. (2018). Dicionário de estudos narrativos. Almedina.

Reis, C. (2021). Figure, person, figuration. In C. Reis & S. Grünhagen (Eds.), Characters and figures. Conceptual and critical approaches (pp. 59-76). Almedina.

Renner, K. N. (2020). Facts and factual narration in journalism. In M. Fludernik & M. L. Ryan (Eds.), Narrative factuality. A handbook (pp. 465-478). Walter de Gruyter.

Resende, F. (2011). Às desordens e aos sentidos: a narrativa como problema de pesquisa. Compós XX Encontro da Compós, Universidade Federal do Rio Grande do Sul, Porto Alegre, Brasil. www.compos.org.br-.

Ricoeur, P. (1983). Temps et récit 1. L’intrigue et le récit historique. Seuil.

Riessman, C. K. (2005). Narrative analysis. In Narrative, memory and Everyday Life (pp. 1-7). University of Huddersfield.

Ryan, M.-L. (2021). Narrativa e estudos narrativos mediáticos. Organização, edição e tradução de C. Reis, A. T. Peixinho e D. Maduro. CLP/De Facto Editores.

Serrano, E. (2021). Jornalismo em tempo de pandemia: os novos formatos e os novos protagonistas da informação televisiva. In F. R. Cámida & I. Ferreira (Coords.), Perspetivas multidisciplinares da Comunicação em Contexto de Pandemia, I, 50-71. ICNOVA.

Tuchman, G. (1999). A objetividade como ritual estratégico: uma análise das noções de objetividade dos jornalistas. In N. Traquina (Org.), Jornalismo: questões, teorias e estórias (2.ª ed) (pp. 74-90). Vega.

Van Dijk, T. (2005). Notícias e conhecimento. Estudos em Jornalismo e Mídia, II(2), 13-29.

Vogler, C. (2007 [1998]). The writer's journey: Mythic structure for writers. Michael Wiese Productions.

Zelizer, B. (2004). Taking journalism seriously — News and the academy. Sage.

Zippel, F. (2020). Panfictionality and Panfictionalism. In M. Flufernik & M. L. Ryan (Eds.), Narrative factuality. A Handbook (pp. 127-132). Walter De Gruyter.

Published

2023-12-15

Issue

Section

SPECIAL ISSUE: Journalism in contemporary society: 20 years of O Quarto Equívoco

How to Cite

Constructing a hero during the COVID-19 pandemic: the representation of the coordinator of the vaccination Task Force in public service TV in Portugal. (2023). Comunicação Pública, 18(35). https://doi.org/10.34629/cpublica.778