Endocardite infecciosa e acidente vascular cerebral: mecanismos fisiopatológicos e avaliação ultrassonográfica

Autores

  • Joana Paz Escola Superior de Tecnologia da Saúde de Lisboa, Instituto Politécnico de Lisboa. Lisboa, Portugal.

DOI:

https://doi.org/10.25758/set.654

Palavras-chave:

Acidente vascular cerebral cardioembólico, Doppler transcraniano, Ecocardiografia, Endocardite infecciosa

Resumo

Uma das mais graves complicações da endocardite infecciosa é o acidente vascular cerebral isquémico, responsável por uma alta taxa de mortalidade e morbilidade nos países desenvolvidos. Embora não seja o mecanismo dominante, o cardioembolismo é responsável por cerca de 20% dos enfartes cerebrais isquémicos. Sabe-se que o embolismo cerebral afeta mais de 40% dos pacientes com endocardite infecciosa, uma vez que a embolização da vegetação resultante da infeção das estruturas intracardíacas para a circulação arterial pode levar à oclusão das artérias cerebrais, dando origem, assim, a enfarte por ausência de aporte sanguíneo. O desenvolvimento de técnicas não invasivas baseadas na ultrassonografia tem potenciado um amplo estudo destas patologias, quer a nível cardíaco, quer vascular, promovendo uma melhor compreensão dos mecanismos fisiopatológicos que as envolvem. A ecocardiografia e o Doppler transcraniano detêm um papel central, respetivamente, no diagnóstico e predição do risco de fenómenos embólicos em pacientes com endocardite infecciosa e na avaliação inicial, prognóstico e follow-up de um episódio de acidente vascular cerebral.

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Publicado

15-11-2013

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Endocardite infecciosa e acidente vascular cerebral: mecanismos fisiopatológicos e avaliação ultrassonográfica. (2013). Saúde & Tecnologia, 10, 19-23. https://doi.org/10.25758/set.654