Antibioterapia em associação com Epigalocatequina-3 galato (EGCG) é uma alternativa eficaz para infeções causadas por Staphylococcus aureus resistente à meticilina?
DOI:
https://doi.org/10.25758/set.730Keywords:
EGCG, MRSA, Resistência a antibióticos, Modulação da transcrição, HemolisinasAbstract
A resistência antimicrobiana de patógenos humanos, como Staphylococcus aureus resistente à meticilina (MRSA), é globalmente definida como uma grande preocupação de saúde pública. Atualmente, várias novas abordagens terapêuticas estão a ser desenvolvidas com o objetivo de encontrar uma alternativa para tratar essas infeções, incluindo o uso de compostos naturais com potencial de modulação epigenética, como as catequinas do chá verde. No chá verde, a Epigalocatequina-3 galato (EGCG) é a catequina mais abundante e clinicamente relevante, com propriedades anti-inflamatórias, antioxidantes, anticancerígenas e antimicrobianas, bem como efeitos sinérgicos relatados para vários antibióticos. A busca por novas alternativas terapêuticas tem levado ao desenvolvimento de estudos sobre o efeito do EGCG em fatores de virulência e modulação transcricional de S. aureus. Vários estudos, inclusive do nosso grupo de investigação, demonstraram que a exposição ao EGCG é capaz de afetar o padrão transcricional da bactéria em vários genes. Efeitos de transcrição foram relatados em genes implicados na produção de toxinas, como hly, que codifica para um precursor da alfa-hemolisina e hlgA, hlgB, as subunidades A e B da gama-hemolisina, respetivamente, no modulador epigenético orfx (um estafilococo metiltransferase) e em genes envolvidos em respostas de resistência (spdC e WalKR). Além disso, evidências crescentes demonstraram correlações potenciais entre a modulação epigenética e a expressão de fatores de virulência, incluindo hemolisinas. Assim, o EGCG deve ser considerado como um novo composto para tratamento antimicrobiano e/ou adjuvante terapêutico contra microrganismos resistentes a antibióticos, mesmo em estirpes com fenótipos de resistência divergentes.
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