Imunoterapia no cancro de mama triplo-negativo: o papel dos inibidores de checkpoint imunológico
DOI:
https://doi.org/10.25758/set.610Keywords:
Triple-negative breast cancer, TNBC, Immune checkpoint inhibitors, ICIs, PD-L1, PD-1, CTLA-4Abstract
O cancro de mama triplo-negativo (TNBC) é um subtipo agressivo de cancro de mama, associado a um mau prognóstico em estadios iniciais e avançados. A quimioterapia continua a ser o tratamento padrão preconizado para estes doentes, apesar de seu benefício limitado. Devido às características agressivas da doença e à falta de terapias dirigidas, várias tentativas foram feitas para investigar novos alvos moleculares. O TNBC é agora conhecido por ser um subtipo de cancro de mama imunogénico. Neste contexto, a imunoterapia surgiu como uma opção promissora de tratamento para esta doença. Durante os últimos anos, os inibidores de checkpoint imunológico (anti-PD1/PD-L1 e anti-CTLA-4 anticorpos monoclonais) foram investigados quer em monoterapia quer em combinação com a terapia convencional nesta neoplasia. Neste artigo apresenta-se uma revisão bibliográfica do papel da imunoterapia no contexto do TNBC, com enfoque no papel dos inibidores de checkpoint imunológico.
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